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Commit 384b0893 authored by Luc Maisonobe's avatar Luc Maisonobe
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Added tutorial for coninuous maneuvers.

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    src/changes/changes.xml
    View file @ 384b0893
    ......@@ -22,6 +22,9 @@
    <body>
    <release version="10.3" date="TBC"
    description="TBC.">
    <action dev="luc" type="add" issue="7">
    Added tutorial for constant thrust maneuvers.
    </action>
    <action dev="luc" type="add" issue="7">
    Added tutorial for impulsive maneuvers.
    </action>
    ......
    src/main/java/org/orekit/tutorials/maneuvers/ApogeeManeuver.java 0 → 100644
    View file @ 384b0893
    /* Copyright 2002-2020 CS GROUP
    * Licensed to CS GROUP (CS) under one or more
    * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
    * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
    * CS licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
    * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
    * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
    *
    * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
    *
    * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
    * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
    * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
    * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
    * limitations under the License.
    */
    package org.orekit.tutorials.maneuvers;
    import java.io.File;
    import java.util.Locale;
    import org.hipparchus.geometry.euclidean.threed.Rotation;
    import org.hipparchus.geometry.euclidean.threed.Vector3D;
    import org.hipparchus.ode.nonstiff.AdaptiveStepsizeIntegrator;
    import org.hipparchus.ode.nonstiff.DormandPrince853Integrator;
    import org.hipparchus.util.FastMath;
    import org.orekit.attitudes.AttitudeProvider;
    import org.orekit.attitudes.InertialProvider;
    import org.orekit.attitudes.LofOffset;
    import org.orekit.data.DataContext;
    import org.orekit.data.DataProvidersManager;
    import org.orekit.data.DirectoryCrawler;
    import org.orekit.errors.OrekitException;
    import org.orekit.forces.maneuvers.Maneuver;
    import org.orekit.forces.maneuvers.propulsion.BasicConstantThrustPropulsionModel;
    import org.orekit.forces.maneuvers.propulsion.PropulsionModel;
    import org.orekit.forces.maneuvers.trigger.DateBasedManeuverTriggers;
    import org.orekit.forces.maneuvers.trigger.ManeuverTriggers;
    import org.orekit.frames.Frame;
    import org.orekit.frames.FramesFactory;
    import org.orekit.frames.LOFType;
    import org.orekit.orbits.KeplerianOrbit;
    import org.orekit.orbits.Orbit;
    import org.orekit.orbits.OrbitType;
    import org.orekit.orbits.PositionAngle;
    import org.orekit.propagation.SpacecraftState;
    import org.orekit.propagation.numerical.NumericalPropagator;
    import org.orekit.time.AbsoluteDate;
    import org.orekit.time.DateComponents;
    import org.orekit.time.TimeComponents;
    import org.orekit.time.TimeScalesFactory;
    import org.orekit.utils.Constants;
    /**
    * Orekit tutorial for an apogee maneuver.
    *
    * @author Luc Maisonobe
    */
    public class ApogeeManeuver {
    /** Private constructor for utility class. */
    private ApogeeManeuver() {
    // empty
    }
    /**
    * Program entry point.
    * @param args program arguments (unused here)
    */
    public static void main(final String[] args) {
    try {
    // configure Orekit
    final File home = new File(System.getProperty("user.home"));
    final File orekitData = new File(home, "orekit-data");
    if (!orekitData.exists()) {
    System.err.format(Locale.US, "Failed to find %s folder%n",
    orekitData.getAbsolutePath());
    System.err.format(Locale.US, "You need to download %s from %s, unzip it in %s and rename it 'orekit-data' for this tutorial to work%n",
    "orekit-data-master.zip", "https://gitlab.orekit.org/orekit/orekit-data/-/archive/master/orekit-data-master.zip",
    home.getAbsolutePath());
    System.exit(1);
    }
    final DataProvidersManager manager = DataContext.getDefault().getDataProvidersManager();
    manager.addProvider(new DirectoryCrawler(orekitData));
    // set up initial GTO orbit
    final Frame eme2000 = FramesFactory.getEME2000();
    final AbsoluteDate date = new AbsoluteDate(new DateComponents(2004, 01, 01),
    new TimeComponents(23, 30, 00.000),
    TimeScalesFactory.getUTC());
    final Orbit orbit =
    new KeplerianOrbit(24396159, 0.72831215, FastMath.toRadians(7),
    FastMath.toRadians(180), FastMath.toRadians(261),
    FastMath.toRadians(0), PositionAngle.TRUE,
    eme2000, date,
    Constants.EIGEN5C_EARTH_MU);
    final SpacecraftState initialState = new SpacecraftState(orbit, 2500.0);
    // prepare numerical propagator
    final OrbitType orbitType = OrbitType.EQUINOCTIAL;
    final double[][] tol = NumericalPropagator.tolerances(1.0, orbit, orbitType);
    final AdaptiveStepsizeIntegrator integrator =
    new DormandPrince853Integrator(0.001, 1000, tol[0], tol[1]);
    integrator.setInitialStepSize(60);
    final NumericalPropagator propagator = new NumericalPropagator(integrator);
    propagator.setInitialState(initialState);
    propagator.setAttitudeProvider(new LofOffset(eme2000, LOFType.VNC));
    // set up an attitude law dedicated to the maneuver
    // where the +X axis (direction of acceleration of the thruster)
    // points towards a specific direction
    final Vector3D direction = new Vector3D(FastMath.toRadians(-7.4978),
    FastMath.toRadians(351));
    final AttitudeProvider attitudeOverride =
    new InertialProvider(new Rotation(direction, Vector3D.PLUS_I),
    eme2000);
    // maneuver will start at a known date and stop after a known duration
    final AbsoluteDate firingDate = new AbsoluteDate(new DateComponents(2004, 1, 2),
    new TimeComponents(4, 15, 34.080),
    TimeScalesFactory.getUTC());
    final double duration = 3653.99;
    final ManeuverTriggers triggers = new DateBasedManeuverTriggers(firingDate, duration);
    // maneuver has constant thrust
    final double thrust = 420;
    final double isp = 318;
    final PropulsionModel propulsionModel =
    new BasicConstantThrustPropulsionModel(thrust, isp,
    Vector3D.PLUS_I,
    "apogee-engine");
    // build maneuver and add it to the propagator as a new force model
    propagator.addForceModel(new Maneuver(attitudeOverride, triggers, propulsionModel));
    // progress monitoring
    propagator.setMasterMode(120.0, (state, isLast) ->
    System.out.format(Locale.US, "%s a = %12.3f m, e = %11.9f, m = %8.3f kg%n",
    state.getDate(), state.getA(), state.getE(), state.getMass())
    );
    // propagate orbit, including maneuver
    propagator.propagate(firingDate.shiftedBy(-900), firingDate.shiftedBy(duration + 900));
    System.exit(0);
    } catch (OrekitException e) {
    System.err.println(e.getLocalizedMessage());
    System.exit(1);
    }
    }
    }
    src/site/markdown/tutorials/maneuvers.md
    View file @ 384b0893
    ......@@ -14,10 +14,9 @@
    # Maneuvers
    The next tutorials detail some elementary usages of the maneuvers,
    ranging from simple impulsive maneuvers (which can be used in
    many propagators, including analytical ones) to continuous thrust
    maneuvers (which can only be used with integration-based propagators).
    The next tutorials detail some elementary usages of the maneuvers.
    Both simple impulsive maneuvers and more complex continuous thrust
    maneuvers are presented.
    ## Impulsive maneuvers
    ......@@ -32,8 +31,6 @@ of a spacecraft. They are mainly used in two cases:
    This tutorial shows how to implement a series of maneuvers to change
    progressively the inclination of an orbit.
    In this case, the calling application coordinates all the tasks, the propagator just propagates.
    Let's set up an initial state as:
    final Frame eme2000 = FramesFactory.getEME2000();
    ......@@ -150,3 +147,205 @@ and changes as we cross the first three ascending nodes
    The complete code for this example can be found in the source tree of the tutorials,
    in file `src/main/java/org/orekit/tutorials/maneuvers/ImpulseAtNode.java`.
    ## Continuous maneuvers
    Continuous maneuvers are realistic models that take into account
    maneuver duration, attitude change during maneuver and mass depletion.
    They can only be used with integration-based propagators.
    This tutorial shows how to implement an apogee maneuver, using either
    the attitude set up at propagator level itself or overriding it
    for only the maneuver acceleration direction computation. We use
    only date-based triggers and constant thrust propulsion system, but
    it is possible to use different ones. As an example, we could
    replace the `BasicConstantThrustPropulsionModel` with `ScaledConstantThrustPropulsionModel`
    and to take into account some calibration factors (or estimate these
    factors if instead of using this model in a simulation we use it in
    an orbit determination and configure these scaling factors as estimated).
    We could also replace the date-based triggers by event-based
    triggers, which can model multi-burn maneuvers.
    Let's set up an initial state with a GTO orbit and a 2500kg spacecraft:
    final Frame eme2000 = FramesFactory.getEME2000();
    final AbsoluteDate date = new AbsoluteDate(new DateComponents(2004, 01, 01),
    new TimeComponents(23, 30, 00.000),
    TimeScalesFactory.getUTC());
    final Orbit orbit =
    new KeplerianOrbit(24396159, 0.72831215, FastMath.toRadians(7),
    FastMath.toRadians(180), FastMath.toRadians(261),
    FastMath.toRadians(0), PositionAngle.TRUE,
    eme2000, date,
    Constants.EIGEN5C_EARTH_MU);
    final SpacecraftState initialState = new SpacecraftState(orbit, 2500.0);
    Prepare propagator, using an adaptive stepsize integrator. The propagator
    will use an attitude mode aligned with VNC, i.e. its X axis is always
    along orbital velocity
    final OrbitType orbitType = OrbitType.EQUINOCTIAL;
    final double[][] tol = NumericalPropagator.tolerances(1.0, orbit, orbitType);
    final AdaptiveStepsizeIntegrator integrator =
    new DormandPrince853Integrator(0.001, 1000, tol[0], tol[1]);
    integrator.setInitialStepSize(60);
    final NumericalPropagator propagator = new NumericalPropagator(integrator);
    propagator.setInitialState(initialState);
    propagator.setAttitudeProvider(new LofOffset(eme2000, LOFType.VNC));
    At first, we want to compute the maneuver as an inertial one, so we cannot
    rely on the attitude mode configured above, we need an attitude overriding
    law with the X axis pointing towards a specific direction
    final Vector3D direction = new Vector3D(FastMath.toRadians(-7.4978),
    FastMath.toRadians(351));
    final AttitudeProvider attitudeOverride =
    new InertialProvider(new Rotation(direction, Vector3D.PLUS_I),
    eme2000);
    Maneuver will start at a known date and stop after a known duration
    final AbsoluteDate firingDate = new AbsoluteDate(new DateComponents(2004, 1, 2),
    new TimeComponents(4, 15, 34.080),
    TimeScalesFactory.getUTC());
    final double duration = 3653.99;
    final ManeuverTriggers triggers = new DateBasedManeuverTriggers(firingDate, duration);
    Maneuver has constant thrust
    final double thrust = 420;
    final double isp = 318;
    final PropulsionModel propulsionModel =
    new BasicConstantThrustPropulsionModel(thrust, isp,
    Vector3D.PLUS_I,
    "apogee-engine");
    Build maneuver and add it to the propagator as a new force model
    propagator.addForceModel(new Maneuver(attitudeOverride, triggers, propulsionModel));
    Progress monitoring
    propagator.setMasterMode(120.0, (state, isLast) ->
    System.out.format(Locale.US, "%s a = %12.3f m, e = %11.9f, m = %8.3f kg%n",
    state.getDate(), state.getA(), state.getE(), state.getMass())
    );
    Propagate orbit, including maneuver
    propagator.propagate(fireDate.shiftedBy(-900), fireDate.shiftedBy(duration + 900));
    The printed result is shown below. We see that semi-major axis, eccentricity
    and inclination are constant before the maneuver, they change continuously
    during the maneuver, and become constant again after maneuver
    2004-01-02T04:00:34.080 a = 24396159.000 m, e = 0.728312150, m = 2500.000 kg
    2004-01-02T04:02:34.080 a = 24396159.000 m, e = 0.728312150, m = 2500.000 kg
    2004-01-02T04:04:34.080 a = 24396159.000 m, e = 0.728312150, m = 2500.000 kg
    2004-01-02T04:06:34.080 a = 24396159.000 m, e = 0.728312150, m = 2500.000 kg
    2004-01-02T04:08:34.080 a = 24396159.000 m, e = 0.728312150, m = 2500.000 kg
    2004-01-02T04:10:34.080 a = 24396159.000 m, e = 0.728312150, m = 2500.000 kg
    2004-01-02T04:12:34.080 a = 24396159.000 m, e = 0.728312150, m = 2500.000 kg
    2004-01-02T04:14:34.080 a = 24396159.000 m, e = 0.728312150, m = 2500.000 kg
    2004-01-02T04:16:34.080 a = 24442112.400 m, e = 0.725043403, m = 2491.919 kg
    2004-01-02T04:18:34.080 a = 24536037.252 m, e = 0.718404119, m = 2475.758 kg
    2004-01-02T04:20:34.080 a = 24632720.409 m, e = 0.711627339, m = 2459.596 kg
    2004-01-02T04:22:34.080 a = 24732246.157 m, e = 0.704710905, m = 2443.435 kg
    2004-01-02T04:24:34.080 a = 24834702.625 m, e = 0.697652633, m = 2427.273 kg
    2004-01-02T04:26:34.080 a = 24940182.000 m, e = 0.690450311, m = 2411.112 kg
    2004-01-02T04:28:34.080 a = 25048780.751 m, e = 0.683101699, m = 2394.950 kg
    2004-01-02T04:30:34.080 a = 25160599.875 m, e = 0.675604529, m = 2378.788 kg
    2004-01-02T04:32:34.080 a = 25275745.160 m, e = 0.667956507, m = 2362.627 kg
    2004-01-02T04:34:34.080 a = 25394327.460 m, e = 0.660155308, m = 2346.465 kg
    2004-01-02T04:36:34.080 a = 25516463.000 m, e = 0.652198582, m = 2330.304 kg
    2004-01-02T04:38:34.080 a = 25642273.694 m, e = 0.644083951, m = 2314.142 kg
    2004-01-02T04:40:34.080 a = 25771887.491 m, e = 0.635809009, m = 2297.981 kg
    2004-01-02T04:42:34.080 a = 25905438.748 m, e = 0.627371325, m = 2281.819 kg
    2004-01-02T04:44:34.080 a = 26043068.626 m, e = 0.618768440, m = 2265.658 kg
    2004-01-02T04:46:34.080 a = 26184925.522 m, e = 0.609997872, m = 2249.496 kg
    2004-01-02T04:48:34.080 a = 26331165.531 m, e = 0.601057114, m = 2233.335 kg
    2004-01-02T04:50:34.080 a = 26481952.946 m, e = 0.591943638, m = 2217.173 kg
    2004-01-02T04:52:34.080 a = 26637460.795 m, e = 0.582654892, m = 2201.012 kg
    2004-01-02T04:54:34.080 a = 26797871.426 m, e = 0.573188310, m = 2184.850 kg
    2004-01-02T04:56:34.080 a = 26963377.135 m, e = 0.563541304, m = 2168.688 kg
    2004-01-02T04:58:34.080 a = 27134180.848 m, e = 0.553711279, m = 2152.527 kg
    2004-01-02T05:00:34.080 a = 27310496.862 m, e = 0.543695627, m = 2136.365 kg
    2004-01-02T05:02:34.080 a = 27492551.643 m, e = 0.533491736, m = 2120.204 kg
    2004-01-02T05:04:34.080 a = 27680584.703 m, e = 0.523096997, m = 2104.042 kg
    2004-01-02T05:06:34.080 a = 27874849.544 m, e = 0.512508806, m = 2087.881 kg
    2004-01-02T05:08:34.080 a = 28075614.691 m, e = 0.501724576, m = 2071.719 kg
    2004-01-02T05:10:34.080 a = 28283164.817 m, e = 0.490741747, m = 2055.558 kg
    2004-01-02T05:12:34.080 a = 28497801.970 m, e = 0.479557796, m = 2039.396 kg
    2004-01-02T05:14:34.080 a = 28719846.917 m, e = 0.468170253, m = 2023.235 kg
    2004-01-02T05:16:34.080 a = 28937941.941 m, e = 0.457162297, m = 2007.882 kg
    2004-01-02T05:18:34.080 a = 28937941.941 m, e = 0.457162297, m = 2007.882 kg
    2004-01-02T05:20:34.080 a = 28937941.941 m, e = 0.457162297, m = 2007.882 kg
    2004-01-02T05:22:34.080 a = 28937941.941 m, e = 0.457162297, m = 2007.882 kg
    2004-01-02T05:24:34.080 a = 28937941.941 m, e = 0.457162297, m = 2007.882 kg
    2004-01-02T05:26:34.080 a = 28937941.941 m, e = 0.457162297, m = 2007.882 kg
    2004-01-02T05:28:34.080 a = 28937941.941 m, e = 0.457162297, m = 2007.882 kg
    2004-01-02T05:30:34.080 a = 28937941.941 m, e = 0.457162297, m = 2007.882 kg
    If instead of overriding the attitude we want to use the attitude configured
    in the propagator (which here is VNC-aligned), then we simply set the
    attitude overriding parameter to null when building the maneuver:
    propagator.addForceModel(new Maneuver(null, triggers, propulsionModel));
    The results with this configuration would become:
    2004-01-02T04:00:34.080 a = 24396159.000 m, e = 0.728312150, m = 2500.000 kg
    2004-01-02T04:02:34.080 a = 24396159.000 m, e = 0.728312150, m = 2500.000 kg
    2004-01-02T04:04:34.080 a = 24396159.000 m, e = 0.728312150, m = 2500.000 kg
    2004-01-02T04:06:34.080 a = 24396159.000 m, e = 0.728312150, m = 2500.000 kg
    2004-01-02T04:08:34.080 a = 24396159.000 m, e = 0.728312150, m = 2500.000 kg
    2004-01-02T04:10:34.080 a = 24396159.000 m, e = 0.728312150, m = 2500.000 kg
    2004-01-02T04:12:34.080 a = 24396159.000 m, e = 0.728312150, m = 2500.000 kg
    2004-01-02T04:14:34.080 a = 24396159.000 m, e = 0.728312150, m = 2500.000 kg
    2004-01-02T04:16:34.080 a = 24445841.001 m, e = 0.724984968, m = 2491.919 kg
    2004-01-02T04:18:34.080 a = 24547017.613 m, e = 0.718218653, m = 2475.758 kg
    2004-01-02T04:20:34.080 a = 24650693.763 m, e = 0.711301532, m = 2459.596 kg
    2004-01-02T04:22:34.080 a = 24756972.407 m, e = 0.704231757, m = 2443.435 kg
    2004-01-02T04:24:34.080 a = 24865960.944 m, e = 0.697007471, m = 2427.273 kg
    2004-01-02T04:26:34.080 a = 24977771.472 m, e = 0.689626812, m = 2411.112 kg
    2004-01-02T04:28:34.080 a = 25092521.078 m, e = 0.682087911, m = 2394.950 kg
    2004-01-02T04:30:34.080 a = 25210332.139 m, e = 0.674388891, m = 2378.788 kg
    2004-01-02T04:32:34.080 a = 25331332.649 m, e = 0.666527867, m = 2362.627 kg
    2004-01-02T04:34:34.080 a = 25455656.575 m, e = 0.658502951, m = 2346.465 kg
    2004-01-02T04:36:34.080 a = 25583444.233 m, e = 0.650312244, m = 2330.304 kg
    2004-01-02T04:38:34.080 a = 25714842.703 m, e = 0.641953845, m = 2314.142 kg
    2004-01-02T04:40:34.080 a = 25850006.270 m, e = 0.633425850, m = 2297.981 kg
    2004-01-02T04:42:34.080 a = 25989096.901 m, e = 0.624726354, m = 2281.819 kg
    2004-01-02T04:44:34.080 a = 26132284.765 m, e = 0.615853455, m = 2265.658 kg
    2004-01-02T04:46:34.080 a = 26279748.789 m, e = 0.606805258, m = 2249.496 kg
    2004-01-02T04:48:34.080 a = 26431677.269 m, e = 0.597579879, m = 2233.335 kg
    2004-01-02T04:50:34.080 a = 26588268.522 m, e = 0.588175453, m = 2217.173 kg
    2004-01-02T04:52:34.080 a = 26749731.602 m, e = 0.578590139, m = 2201.012 kg
    2004-01-02T04:54:34.080 a = 26916287.072 m, e = 0.568822132, m = 2184.850 kg
    2004-01-02T04:56:34.080 a = 27088167.851 m, e = 0.558869672, m = 2168.688 kg
    2004-01-02T04:58:34.080 a = 27265620.125 m, e = 0.548731056, m = 2152.527 kg
    2004-01-02T05:00:34.080 a = 27448904.347 m, e = 0.538404659, m = 2136.365 kg
    2004-01-02T05:02:34.080 a = 27638296.331 m, e = 0.527888947, m = 2120.204 kg
    2004-01-02T05:04:34.080 a = 27834088.441 m, e = 0.517182503, m = 2104.042 kg
    2004-01-02T05:06:34.080 a = 28036590.891 m, e = 0.506284055, m = 2087.881 kg
    2004-01-02T05:08:34.080 a = 28246133.176 m, e = 0.495192508, m = 2071.719 kg
    2004-01-02T05:10:34.080 a = 28463065.636 m, e = 0.483906983, m = 2055.558 kg
    2004-01-02T05:12:34.080 a = 28687761.178 m, e = 0.472426869, m = 2039.396 kg
    2004-01-02T05:14:34.080 a = 28920617.165 m, e = 0.460751878, m = 2023.235 kg
    2004-01-02T05:16:34.080 a = 29149754.286 m, e = 0.449481220, m = 2007.882 kg
    2004-01-02T05:18:34.080 a = 29149754.286 m, e = 0.449481220, m = 2007.882 kg
    2004-01-02T05:20:34.080 a = 29149754.286 m, e = 0.449481220, m = 2007.882 kg
    2004-01-02T05:22:34.080 a = 29149754.286 m, e = 0.449481220, m = 2007.882 kg
    2004-01-02T05:24:34.080 a = 29149754.286 m, e = 0.449481220, m = 2007.882 kg
    2004-01-02T05:26:34.080 a = 29149754.286 m, e = 0.449481220, m = 2007.882 kg
    2004-01-02T05:28:34.080 a = 29149754.286 m, e = 0.449481220, m = 2007.882 kg
    2004-01-02T05:30:34.080 a = 29149754.286 m, e = 0.449481220, m = 2007.882 kg
    As expected, we see that for the same fuel consumption, semi-major axis increases
    more and eccentricity decreases more when the attitude is always kept aligned
    with velocity than when attitude is inertial.
    The complete code for this example can be found in the source tree of the tutorials,
    in file `src/main/java/org/orekit/tutorials/maneuvers/ApogeeManeuver.java`.
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