This algorithm is similar in spirit to the IGNORE_DEM_USE_ELLIPSOID, but
with a user-specified elevation instead of always using 0.0 elevation.

Implements feature #187.

Thanks to Espen Bjørntvedt for the translations.

The derivatives are computed with respect to transforms parameters.
This is the first step towards los calibration.

Thanks to Lucian Barbulescu for the translation.

This should fix some problems in the vicinity of ±π longitude.

The problems were encountered in direct localization. Some line-of-sight
was almost parallel to a latitude boundary, at 1.0e-14 level. This
triggered an exception in the Duvenhage algorithm.

Thanks to Silvia Ríos Bergantiños and Beatriz Salazar for the
translations.